20Gbps receiver based on germanium photodetector hybrid-integrated with 90nm CMOS amplifier

Receiver based on Ge waveguide PD hybrid-integrated with CMOS amplifier shows an unprecedented data rate of 20Gbps, 7.1dBm sensitivity, and 7pJ/bit power efficiency. Further improvement is obtained with avalanche gain and feed-forward equalization. © 2011 OSA.