Review
The ballast resistor
Rolf Landauer
Physical Review A
In bistable systems the transition kinetics between the two locally stable states can be altered without changing the behavior in the immediate vicinity of the two favored steady states. It follows that quantities which characterize only the vicinity of the favored states cannot determine the most probable state. A second point: Even in monostable linear circuits the steady state need not correspond to minimum entropy production. © 1975 The American Physical Society.
Rolf Landauer
Physical Review A
Yoseph Imry, Rolf Landauer
Reviews of Modern Physics
Rolf Landauer
Solid State Communications
Rolf Landauer
Physical Review B