Katherine Spoon, Hsinyu Tsai, et al.
Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience
Phase transformation generally begins with nucleation, in which a small aggregate of atoms organizes into a different structural symmetry. The thermodynamic driving forces and kinetic rates have been predicted by classical nucleation theory, but observation of nanometer-scale nuclei has not been possible, except on exposed surfaces. We used a statistical technique called fluctuation transmission electron microscopy to detect nuclei embedded in a glassy solid, and we used a laser pump-probe technique to determine the role of these nuclei in crystallization. This study provides a convincing proof of the time- and temperature-dependent development of nuclei, information that will play a critical role in the development of advanced materials for phase-change memories.
Katherine Spoon, Hsinyu Tsai, et al.
Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience
Thierry Grosjean, Mathieu Mivelle, et al.
Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 2011
Geoffrey W. Burr, Pritish Narayanan, et al.
IEDM 2015
Pritish Narayanan, Alessandro Fumarola, et al.
IBM J. Res. Dev