I. Morgenstern, K.A. Müller, et al.
Physica B: Physics of Condensed Matter
A very simple derivation is given of the ionization probability P − for negative ions sputtered off a metal surface. The result P −≈e−(ϕ−A)/cv⊥ shows the experimentally observed dependences on work function ϕ, atomic affinity A, and outwards velocity v ⊥. Estimates of c show good agreement with experiment, too. The physical picture behind the process is discussed. © 1983 IOP Publishing Ltd.
I. Morgenstern, K.A. Müller, et al.
Physica B: Physics of Condensed Matter
A. Nagarajan, S. Mukherjee, et al.
Journal of Applied Mechanics, Transactions ASME
T.N. Morgan
Semiconductor Science and Technology
R. Ghez, M.B. Small
JES