A.B. McLean, R.H. Williams
Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics
A very simple derivation is given of the ionization probability P − for negative ions sputtered off a metal surface. The result P −≈e−(ϕ−A)/cv⊥ shows the experimentally observed dependences on work function ϕ, atomic affinity A, and outwards velocity v ⊥. Estimates of c show good agreement with experiment, too. The physical picture behind the process is discussed. © 1983 IOP Publishing Ltd.
A.B. McLean, R.H. Williams
Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics
K.A. Chao
Physical Review B
O.F. Schirmer, W. Berlinger, et al.
Solid State Communications
T.N. Morgan
Semiconductor Science and Technology