Baptiste Vasey, Myura Nagendran, et al.
Nature Medicine
Increased scrutiny of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in healthcare highlights the need for real-world evaluations for effectiveness and unintended consequences. The complexity of healthcare, compounded by the user- and context-dependent nature of AI applications, calls for a multifaceted approach beyond traditional in silico evaluation of AI. We propose an interdisciplinary, phased research framework for evaluation of AI implementations in healthcare. We draw analogies to and highlight differences from the clinical trial phases for drugs and medical devices, and we present study design and methodological guidance for each stage.
Baptiste Vasey, Myura Nagendran, et al.
Nature Medicine
Gretchen Purcell Jackson, Jianying Hu
Yearbook of Medical Informatics
Jorge A. Rodriguez, Lipika Samal, et al.
Journal of Patient Safety
Irene Dankwa-Mullan, Marc Rivo, et al.
Population Health Management