CMOS circuit technology for sub-ambient temperature operation

The advantages of reduced temperature operation for server applications are analysed. Static combinatorial circuits are found to respond most favourably to low temperature operation, owing to implicit noise immunity. Reduced temperature operation is stated to have unique advantages in the back-end design such as reduction of electromigration bounds on maximum current density, and a greater advantage is in clock distribution circuits, high bandwidth interconnections between procesor and cache, and between distant macros.